●Fundamental duties –
There are some fundamental duties which everyone should obey . Being a Citizen of India we should follow them.
The fundamental duties are defined as the moral obligation of our citizens to help promote a spirit of Patriotism and to uphold the unity of India.
The fundamental duties of an indian are 11 in number incorporated in article 51 A(Part 4A) which has been incorporated by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976.
Swaran Singh committee in 1976 recommended fundamental duties , the necessity of which was felt during the internal emergency of 1975-77
Under this article it is the duty of every citizen of Indian –
1) to abide by the constitution and respect its ideals and Institutions ,the national flag and the national anthem.
2) to Cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired a national struggle for freedom.
3) to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
4) to defend the country.
5) to promote harmony and the spirit of common Brotherhood amongst all the people of India.
6) to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
7) to protect and improve the natural environment.
8) to develop the scientific temper and spirit of inquiry.
9) to safeguard public property .
10) to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity .
11)to provide opportunities for education to his children or ward as the case may be between the age of 6 and 14 years.
NOTE– The 11th fundamental duty was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act 2002.
There is no provision in the constitution for direct enforcement of any of the fundamental duties nor for any sanction to prevent their violation.
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